{"schemaVersion":1,"recordType":"legal-article","id":"law:eri:code:civil-procedure:2015:article:253","workId":"law:eri:code:civil-procedure:2015","expressionId":"law:eri:code:civil-procedure:2015:en","title":"Oral evidence in open court","number":"253","language":"en","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/civil-procedure-code-2015/article/253/","hierarchy":{"book":"BOOK III — SERVICE, PLEADINGS AND EVIDENCE","title":"TITLE III — EVIDENCE","chapter":"Chapter 8. — Furnishing of Proof"},"paragraphs":[{"id":"lead","number":"","text":"Witnesses shall give evidence orally in open court unless the court directs otherwise and gives reasons for doing so.","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/civil-procedure-code-2015/article/253/#lead","sourceTargets":[{"sourceId":"civil-procedure-code-2015-en","pdfPage":141,"url":"https://eriatlas.com/sources/civil-procedure-code-2015/page/141/?article=253&paragraph=lead#article-253-lead"}]}],"caution":"This is the English-language edition published in 2015 and attributed in its front matter to the Ministry of Justice. Refworld labels it an unofficial translation. Eri Atlas has not independently verified the translation, later changes, or whether the text is currently in force."}