{"schemaVersion":1,"recordType":"legal-article","id":"law:eri:code:civil:2015:article:2019","workId":"law:eri:code:civil:2015","expressionId":"law:eri:code:civil:2015:en","title":"Proof of Contract","number":"2019","language":"en","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/civil-code-2015/article/2019/","hierarchy":{"book":"BOOK VI - SPECIAL CONTRACTS","title":"TITLE II - CONTRACTS FOR THE CUSTODY, USE OR POSSESSION OF THINGS","chapter":"Chapter 2. - Lease","section":"Section 2. - Lease of Immovable","paragraph":"Paragraph 1. - General Provisions"},"paragraphs":[{"id":"p1","number":"1","text":"So long as the performance of the contract has not begun, the proof that an immovable has been leased may be made only by a written instrument or by an admission made in Court.","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/civil-code-2015/article/2019/#p1","sourceTargets":[{"sourceId":"civil-code-2015-en","pdfPage":563,"url":"https://eriatlas.com/sources/civil-code-2015/page/563/?article=2019&paragraph=p1#article-2019-p1"}]},{"id":"p2","number":"2","text":"No other means of evidence shall be admitted to prove the existence of such contract.","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/civil-code-2015/article/2019/#p2","sourceTargets":[{"sourceId":"civil-code-2015-en","pdfPage":563,"url":"https://eriatlas.com/sources/civil-code-2015/page/563/?article=2019&paragraph=p2#article-2019-p2"}]},{"id":"p3","number":"3","text":"Where the performance of a contract of lease has begun, it may be proved by witnesses or presumptions.","canonicalUrl":"https://eriatlas.com/law/civil-code-2015/article/2019/#p3","sourceTargets":[{"sourceId":"civil-code-2015-en","pdfPage":563,"url":"https://eriatlas.com/sources/civil-code-2015/page/563/?article=2019&paragraph=p3#article-2019-p3"}]}],"caution":"This is the 2015 English-language edition attributed in its front matter to the Ministry of Justice. Eri Atlas has not independently verified the translation, later changes, or whether the text is currently in force. Nine passages are incomplete in the available scan and are identified where they occur."}